In summary: The Ramban removes 56 mitzvos (32 + 24) ,
and adds 63 mitzvos (32 + 31, see fn. 4).
The sefer Seder HaMitzvos also writes a summary of the
differences between the Rambam and the Ramban. Note he says the Ramban removed 30 positive mitzvos and not 32.
For semantic reasons he didn’t mention removal #7 and #29,
but there’s no disagreement.
(Lettered entries aren’t removed from Ramban’s list, rather
split in two)
The Ramban disagrees with the following positive mitzvos:
.Prayer. Because it is rabbinic – תפילה מצות] #5) [1
2) [#7] מצות על כל הצריך לישבע שישבע בשם השם – who Anyone
has to swear to only swear in the name of Hashem. Because
.the verse is giving permisison, not commanding Shema the Reciting – מצות קרית שמע שחרית וערבית [#10] (a morning and evening. The Ramban splits this into two
mitzvos, the other is below, addition #3.
b) [#28] קטרת הקטרת מצות – Burning the incense. The Ramban splits this into two mitzvos, the other is below, addition #4.
c) [#39] יום בכל תמידין מצות – The daily Tamid offering. The Ramban splits this into two mitzvos, the other is below, addition #5.
The Olah offering procedure. – העולה מעשה מצות] #63) [3
Because as per Shoresh #12, this is just a detail of the mitzvah to bring offerings.
The Chatas offering procedure. – החטאת מעשה מצות] #64) [4
.Because of #3
The Asham offering procedure. – האשם מעשה מצות] #65) [5
.Because of #3
6) [#66] מצות מעשה זבח השלמים – offering Shelamim The procedure. Because of #3
.The Mincha offering. Because of #3 – מנחה קרבן מצות] #67) [7
8) [#85] מצות להטפל בהבאת הקרבן מחוצה לארץ לבית הבחירה – To take care of the offerings as they are brought from outside the land to the Temple. Because anyways we need to bring offerings to the Temple, regardless of where they are, so this isn’t a new command
d) [#94] שפתיו מוצא קיום מצות – To fulfill the vows of our mouths. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being just about vows to do a mitzvah. The other is below, addition #9.
Nullification of vows. Because it – נדרים הפרת דין מצות] #95) [9
is really a shelilah, to do all that which leaves our mouths and
not to profane our words except through the annulment of Beis Din, a father, or a husband (see Shoresh #8)
The concept of tumah of a – נבילה טומאת עניין מצות] #96) [10 neveilah. Because there is no mitzvah here, just a concept.
The concept of tumah of – שרצים שמנה טומאת מצות] #97) [11
.the eight sheratzim. Because of #10
The concept of tumah of – אוכלים טומאת עניין מצות] #98) [12
.food. Because of #10
13) [#99] מצות עניין טומאת נדה שטמאה ומטמאה – of concept The
.tumah of a niddah. Because of #10
The concept of tumah of a – יולדת טומאת עניין מצות] #100) [14 woman who gave birth. Because of #10
The concept of tumah of a – מצורע טומאת עניין מצות] #101) [15 metzora. Because of #10
The concept of tumah of – בגדים נגעי עניין מצות] #102) [16
.tzaraas on a garment. Because of #10
17) [#103] מצות עניין טומאת בית שיהיה בו נגע – of concept The tumah of tzaraas on a building. Because of #10
18) [#104] מצות עניין טומאת זב להיות טמא ומטמא – concept The
.of tumah of a zav. Because of #10
19) [#105] מצות עניין טומאת שכבת זרע שהוא טמא ומטמא – The concept of tumah of someone who had a seminal emission. Because of #10
20) [#106] מצות עניין טומאת זבה שטמאה ומטמאה – concept The
.of tumah of a zavah. Because of #10
The concept of tumah of a – מת של טומאה מצות] #107) [21
.corpse. Because of #10
22) [#108] מצות מי נדה שמטמאין אדם טהור ומטהרין אדם טמא
The concept of the water of a red heifer – בלבד מת מטומאת separate To Terumah – מצות הפרשת תרומה גדולה [#126] (e
Gedolah. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one
being about separating Terumah. The other is below, addition

23.

f) [#127] ראשון מעשר מצות – To separate Maaser Rishon. The
Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being about
separating Maaser Rishon. The other is below, addition #24.
To – מצות מעשר עני תחת מעשר שני בשנה שלישית [#130] (g
separate Maaser Ani instead of Maaser Sheni in the third
year. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being
about separating Maaser Ani. The other is below addition

25.

h) [#133] חלה מצות – To separate Challah. The Ramban splits
this mitzvah into two, this one being about separating Chalah.
The other is below, addition #26.
To pressure a non Jew to – הנכרי את לנגוש מצות] #142) [23
repay a debt. Because this is a lav habah miklal aseh and
.since there is already a lav counted, this shouldn’t be as well
24) [#149] מצות בדיקת סימני בהמה וחיה – kosher the check To
signs of domesticated and wild animals. Because this is a lav
habah miklal aseh and since there is already a lav counted,
.this shouldn’t be as well
To check the kosher signs – העוף סימני בדיקת מצות] #150) [25
.of birds. Because of #24
To check the kosher signs – חגבים סימני בדיקת מצות] #151) [26
.of grasshoppers. Because of #24
To check the kosher signs – דגים סימני בדיקת מצות] #152) [27
.of fish. Because of #24
i) [#153] החודש קדוש מצות – To sanctify the new month. The
Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being about
establishing Rosh Chodesh. The other is below, addition #27.
28) [#198] מצות הלואה לנכרי ברבית אם יצטרך ללוות מה שאינו כן
To lend to a non Jew with interest if he needs a loan, – בישראל
.unlike to a Jew. Because of #23
29) [#226] מצות בית דין להרוג בסייף המחוייב – kill to Din those liable to decapitation. Because there’s a single mitzvah to kill those sentenced to death, and the different ways are details
30) [#227] מצות בית דין להרוג בחנק המחוייב – kill to Din Beis For
those liable to strangulation. Because there’s a single mitzvah
to kill those sentenced to death, and the different ways are details
31) [#228] מצות שישרפו מי שיתחייב שריפה – kill to Din Beis For those liable to death by fire. Because there’s a single mitzvah to kill those sentenced to death, and the different ways are details.
32) [#229] מצות על בית דין לסקול באבנים מי שיתחייב סקילה – For Beis Din to kill those liable to death by stoning. Because there’s a single mitzvah to kill those sentenced to death, and the different ways are details
a over rule To – מצות עבודה בעבד כנעני לעולם [#235] (Caananite slave forever. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being to rule over them forever. The other is below, addition #31.
k) [#248]1 נחלות דיני מצות – The laws of inheritance. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being to follow the laws of inheritance. The other is below, addition #32.
The Ramban adds the following positive mitzvos:
1) מצות אכילת מעשר שני ובכורות בירושלים – Sheni Maaser Eat To and Bechoros in Yerushalayim (source, description)
2) מצות אכילת תרומה כשהיא טהורה ולא בטומאתה – eat To
Terumah when it is pure and not while it is impure (source,
.description)
Reciting the Shema in the evening – בערב שמע קרית מצות) 3
.(source, description)
4) מצות הקטרת באין הארבים – incense afternoon the Burning (source, description)
5) מצות קרבן התמיד בין הערבים – Tamid afternoon daily The offering (source, description)
The Temple Service of the – בקרבנות הכהנים עבודת מצות)6 Kohanim with the offerings (source, description)
To only eat Shemittah fruit – שביעית פירות אכילת מצות) 7 (source, description)
To settle the land of Israel (source, – הארץ ישיבת מצות) 8
.description)
To fulfill a vow to do something – רשות של שבועה לקיים מצות) 9
.voluntary (source, description)
10) מצות להניח אחת מן הרוחות בלי מצור בשעת מלחמה – leave To
one side of a city during a siege unprotected (source,description)
To recall with words the story – מרים מעשה בפה זכירה מצות) 11
.of Miriam (source, description)2
To be with pure trust trust in – השם עם תמים להיות מצות) 12 Hashem (source, description)
13) מצות לפרוש תרומה מן היפה -the from Terumah separate To best portion (source, description)
14) מצות להקריב רק בקר כשבים או עזים – offering an as bring To only cattle, sheep, or goats (source, description)
15) מצות להקריב כל קרבנות בין שני התמידין – offerings all offer To between the two Tamid offerings (source, description)
To eat the Pesach offering at – בלילה הפסח אכילת מצות) 16
.night (source, description)
17) מצות גואל הדם להרוג הרוצח במזיד – to HaDam Goel the For kill an intentional killer (source, description)
18) מצות להרחיק מלהנות בבגד או בית שנראה בו נגע – avoid To benefiting from a garment or house which has an affliction (source, description)
To make a blessing on learning Torah – התורה בירכת מצות) 19
.(source, description)
To support and sustain a Ger – תושב גר להחיות מצות) 20
.Toshav (source, description)
.To return interest (source, description) – רבית להחזיר מצות) 21
22) מצות להרחיק מלהנות משער נזיר – from benefiting avoid To the hair of a Nazir (source, description)
To give terumah to the Kohen – לכהן תרומה נתינת מצות) 23 .(source, description)
To give Maaser Sheni to the – ללוי ראשון מעשר נתינת מצות) 24
.Levi (source, description)
To give Maaser Ani (source, – עני מעשר נתינת מצות) 25
;description)
To give Chalah to the Kohen – לכהן חלה נתינת מצות) 26
.(source, description)
To calculate and establish leap years – השנה לעבר מצות) 27
.(source, description)
To make the Aron and its cover – והכפרת הארון עשיית מצות) 28
.(source, description)
29) מצות ב”ד להרוג מי שמחוייב מיתה – those kill to Din Beis For
.who are liable to death (source, description)
30) מצות לחכם להורות בלי להיות שכורים – rule to Sage a For without being intoxicated (source, description)3
31) לשחרר עבד כנעני אם הפיל עינו או שינו – free to master a For his Caananite slave if he removed his eye or tooth (source, description)
To give a first born a double – שנים פי לבכור לתת) 32 inheritance (source, description)
The Ramban disagrees with the following negative mitzvos:
Not to bow to idols. – זרה לעבודה להשתחוות שלא] #5) [1
Because this is included in Rambam’s #1, not to believe in
idols.i
2) [#6] שלא לעבוד עבודה זרה במה שדרכה להעבד – worship to Not
idols in their normal mode of service. Because this is included
.in Rambam’s #1, not to believe in idols
3) [#28] שלא לשמע ממתנבא בשם עבודה זרה – to listen to Not someone who prophecizes in the name of an idol. Because this is just another verse prohibiting idol worship
or Ammonite An – שלא ישא עמוני ומואבי בת ישראל [#53] (a
Moabite cannot marry a Jewish woman. The Ramban splits
this mitzvah into two, this one being about an Ammonite. The
other is below, addition #4.
4) [#58] שלא לערוץ מפני אחד מכל שבעה עממין – afraid be not Do of the enemy during battle. Because this is a promise not a command
5) [#69] שלא יכנס בעל מום בהיכל – not shall Kohen blemished A enter the Temple Heichal. Because “he shouldn’t enter” refers to doing the Temple service, which is already in mitzvah #70
6) [#71] שלא יעבוד כהן בעל מום עובר – temporary a with Kohen A
blemish should not perform the Temple service. Because this
.is just part of mitzvah #70
7) [#95] שלא להקריב קרבן בעל מום עובר – an sacrifice to Not animal with a temporary blemish. Because this is just part of mitzvah #91
b) [#98] דבש או שאור להקריב שלא – Not to offer leaven or honey. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being about offering leaven. The other is below, addition #8. a offer to Not – שלא להקריב אתנן זונה ומחיר כלב [#100] (c
harlot’s wage or the exchange for a dog. The Ramban splits this into two, this one being about a harlot’s wage. The other
is below, addition #9.
d) [#125] ומבושל נא הפסח לאכול שלא – Not to eat the Pesach offering raw or boiled. The Ramban splits this into two, this one being about an eating the Pesach offering raw. The other is below, addition #10.
8) [#142] שלא לאכול מעשר שני של תירוש חוץ לירושלם – eat to Not
Maaser Sheni of wine outside Jerusalem. The Rambam counts these as three mitzvos (#141-143), but the Ramban combines them all into one
9) [#143] שלא לאכול מעשר שני של יצהר חוץ לירושלם – eat to Not
Maaser Sheni of oil outside Jerusalem. The Rambam counts
these as three mitzvos (#141-143), but the Ramban combines them all into one
10) [#150] שלא לאכול מעשר שני בטומאה – Maaser eat to Not Sheni while impure. The Ramban holds that this is just another case of shelilus plus it’s a lav habah miklal aseh,
.which the Rambam says not to count
11) [#151] שלא לאכול מעשר שנע באנינות – Maaser eat to Not Sheni as an Onen. The Ramban holds that this is just another case of shelilus plus it’s a lav habah miklal aseh, which the Rambam says not to count
12) [#152] שלא להוציא דמי מעשר שני בשאר דברים שאינם מאכילה
Not to purchase with Maaser Sheni money anything – ושתייה
besides food or drink. The Ramban holds that this is just
another case of shelilus plus it’s a lav habah miklal aseh, which the Rambam says not to count
13) [#177] שלא לאכול מן השרצים המתהוים מן העפוש – eat to Not bugs that come from sweat. As per Ramban’s understanding of Shoresh #9, if it’s essentially one prohibition, it doesn’t matter if there are many multiples of lashes
14) [#178] שלא לאכול מיני שרצים דקים הנולדים בזרעים ובפירות –
Not to eat worms that come from seeds or fruits. Because of
.#13
Not to eat sea bugs. – המים משרץ לאכול שלא] #179) [15 Because of #13
16) [#190] שלא לאכול קלי מתבואה עד ביום ההוא – eat to Not roasted grain until the Omer is brought. Because of #13
17) [#191] שלא לאכול כרמל מתבואה עד הזמן הנזכר – eat to Not fresh grain until the Omer is brought. Because of #13
Not to drink an idol’s wine – נסך יין לשתות שלא] #194) [18 libations. This is the same as mitzvah #25
19) [#198] שלא לאכול מכל דבר שיש בו חמץ – anything eat to Not
that has chametz in it. This is just an extra prohibition against
.chametz, so it’s not worth counting again
20) [#199] שלא לאכול חמץ אחר חצות – after chametz eat to Not
noon. This is the opinion of R’ Yehudah, but we hold like R’
.Shimon that there’s no negative commandment on this
e) [#256] ואלמנה יתום לענות שלא – Not to oppress an orphan or widow. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being about an orphan. The other is below, addition #21.
decide to Not – שלא לחתוך הדין באומד הדעת [#290] (someone’s fate just with estimation. The Ramban splits this mitzvah into two, this one being about killing someone without proper testimony (see Megillas Esther ad. loc.). The other is below, addition #22.
Not to punish someone coerced. – האנוס לענוש שלא] #294) [21
The Ramban holds that this is just another case of shelilus, that they aren’t punished, not that it’s a command Not to shave the hair of a – הנתק שער לגלח שלא] #307) [22
nesek affliction. This is the same as #308, and no need to count it as two mitzvos Not to curse one’s father or – ואם אב לקלל שלא] #318) [23
mother. This is the same prohibition against cursing any Jew, despite having a different punishment Not to injure one’s father or – ואם אב להכות שלא] #319) [24 mother. This is the same prohibition against hurting any Jew, despite having a different punishment.
The Ramban replaces them with the following negative mitzvos4:
Not to forget Hashem (source, – השם לשכוח שלא) 1 description)
Not to forget the giving of the – סיני הר מעמד לשכוח שלא) 2 Torah at Sinai (source, description)
3) שלא לשנות הסדר של כלי המקדש – of order the change to Not the Temple vessels (source, description)
A Moabite cannot marry a Jewish – ישראל בת מואבי ישא שלא) 4 woman (source, description)
5) שלא לשחוט קרבנות על מנת לאכלם או לעשות עבודתם חוץ למקומם
Not to slaughter offerings with intention to eat them – לזמנם או
or perform their service outside of their location or time (source, description)
6) שלא לאכול קרבנות ששחטן על מנת לאכלן או להקריבן חוץ למקומן –
Not to eat offerings which were slaughtered with intention to
eat them or perform their service outside of their location (source, description)
7) שלא לאכול הצפור ששחטו אותה לטהרת המצורע – of eat to Not
the bird slaughtered for the metzora’s purification (source, description)
Not to offer honey (source, description) – דבש להקריב שלא) (8 Not to offer the exchange for a dog – כלב מחיר להקריב שלא) 9 (source, description)
Not to eat the Pesach offering – מבושל הפסח לאכול שלא) 10
.boiled (source, description)
11) שלא ירימו הלויים תרומת מעשר מן הרע שבו אלא היפה – the For
Leviim not to separate Terumas Maaser from the bad, rather
.from the good (source, description)
12) שלא נקבל שקלים מן הגוים ולא נצרף אותם עמנו בקרבנות הציבור –
Not to accept money from non-Jews or combine them with
.ours for communal offerings (source, description)
13) שלא לקבל עדות מיוחדת בדיני נפשות – -non accept to Not unified testimony for capital cases (source, description)
14) שלא יבוא האיש הירא ורך הלבב במלחמה – person fearful a For not to join in a war (source, description)
15) שלא לעשות דבר שיסלק השכינה בזמן מלחמה – things do to Not
which remove the Divine Presence during wartime (source,
.description)
16) שלא להעביר הבכורה מן הבן הגדול – double the withold to Not
.inheritance from a firstborn (source, description)
17) שלא לחמול על נפש הרוצח במזיד – an on mercy have to Not (intentional killer (source), description
18) שלא יבא החולץ על יבמתו – performed who someone For
.chalitzah not to lie with her afterwards (source, description)
19) שלא יבוא איש על אשתו שזנתה תחתיו – s’one with lie to Not wife who committed adultery (source, description)
20) שלא יחר בעינינו בשלחנו העבדים חפשים בשנה השביעית – to Not be upset about seeing our slaves free in their seventh year (source, description)
Not to oppress a widow (source, – אלמנה לענות שלא) 21 description)
Not to execute someone who was – בדין צדיק להרוג שלא) 22
acquitted (source, description (see also Megillas Esther ad.
.loc.)
23) שלא יחר בעינינו בתתנו צדקה לעניים – about upset be to Not giving tzedaka to the poor (source, description

4) שלא לגנוב כלי שרת מכלי המקדש – Temple any steal to Not
.vessel (source, description)
25) שלא ישא לוי ארון הקדש בכתף מבן חמשים שנה – not Levi a For
to carry the Aron Kodesh on his shoulders from the age of
.fifty (source, description)
26) שלא תחטיא ב”ד הארץ להניח מחזיר גרושתו – not Din Beis For
to ignore someone who remarried his divorcee (source, description)
For a man not to profane the – בזנות הארץ איש יזנה שלא) 27
.land with illicit relations (source, description)
28) שלא יחלל כהן גדול המקדש בצאתו מהעבודה מפני אבל – a For
Kohen Gadol not to defile the Temple by leaving his service
due to mourning (source, description)
29) שלא תטמא ב”ד את הארץ בלינת המת – to not Din Beis For profane the land by leaving a corpse hanging (source, description)
Not to dispute the Kehuna (source, – הכהונה על לחלוק שלא) 30
.description)
31) שלא להנות מעגלה ערופה ופטר חמור – the from benefit to Not beheaded calf or firstborn of a donkey (source, description)
1 There seems to be a typo in Derech Mitzvosecha, which
says the Ramban split mitzvah #247 into two.
2 The following mitzvah in Shichchas HaAsin LeDaas
HaRambam #6, has the mitzvah of האילנות מן לאכול מצות
the of fruits the enjoy To – שבגבולה כל ימי המצור ולא לכרות אותם
trees surrounding a city under siege and not to destroy them
(source). The Mishneh LaMelech claims that the Ramban listed it only according to the opinion of the Rambam, who himself should have listed it. However, the Ramban himself doesn’t hold it should be included, for the same reason as 24 above. This explains why the Ramban at the conclusion of his Hasagos says there are only 16 mitvos that the
Rambam forgot, when he himself listed 17.
3 At the end of Ramban’s Hasagos, he says that he’s unsure
if he should list the positive mitzvah for a King or Shofet to says if it shouldn’t be counted, then he’ll count the mitzvah for
a Sage to rule while not intoxicated. He leaves it as an
unresolved question, but in his Hasagos to negative mitzvah 73 he pretty confidently counts the latter as a mitzvah, so I wrote above only that one. However, at the end of the Zohar HaRakiah he writes that we cannot rely on what the Ramban writes in his Hasagos; only on what he writes at the end when he sums up the mitzvos. This is also brought in the sefer Seder Hamitzvos.
4 The Ramban in his summary at the end of his Hasagos writes that the Rambam is missing seven negative mitzvos.
Apparently he had a different version of Sefer HaMitzvos than
we have. The Zohar HaRakiya tries to figure out which were
missing, and feels he discovered five. However, Rav Chaim
Heller (Yevul HaYovlos pg. 82) disagrees, and feels there was
simply a copyist error at fault. He therefore says it’s a waste of time trying to figure out which mitzvos were missing from
his version. Regardless, the Ramban therefore added 7 more
to the 24 he removed.
Ramban includes all of these positive mitzvos, which the
Rambam doesn’t:
Mitzvah 1: Positive mitzvah of eating maaser sheni.
Mitzvah 2: Positive mitzvah of not eating impure trumah
Mitzvah 3: Positive mitzvah of not selling shvi’is fruits
Mitzvah 4: Positive mitzvah of settling Eretz Yisrael
Mitzvah 5: Positive mitzvah of leaving a way for the enemy to
retreat
Mitzvah 6: Positive mitzvah to eat fruit trees when sieging a
city
Mitzvah 7: Positive mitzvah to remember Miriam verbally
Mitzvah 8: Positive mitzvah to be wholesome with G-d
Mitzvah 9: Positive mitzvah to separate trumah from the best
Mitzvah 10: Positive mitzvah for every korban to be one of the
three valid species
Mitzvah 11: Positive mitzvah to offer all korbanos between the
two temidin

Mitzvah 12: Positive (?) mitzvah for the Pesach not to be
eaten by day
Mitzvah 13: Positive mitzvah to kill a killer
Mitzvah 14: Positive mitzvah not to benefit from clothing or a
house with tzara’as
Mitzvah 15: Positive mitzvah to thank G-d
Mitzvah 16: Positive mitzvah to keep your brother alive
Mitzvah 17: Positive mitzvah to return interest
Ramban includes all of these negative mitzvos, which the
Rambam doesn’t
Mitzvah 1: Negative mitzvah not to forget belief in G-d
Mitzvah 2: Negative mitzvah not to forget the standing at Har
Sinai
Mitzvah 3: Ngeative mitzvah not to misplace vessels in the beis hamikdash
Mitzvah 4: Negative mitzvah not to slaughter kodshim intending to eat them
Mitzvah 5: Negative mitzvah not to eat kodshim outside of their place
Mitzvah 6: Negative mitzvah not to eat the bird slaughtered for a metzora
Mitzvah 7: Negative mitzvah for levi’im not to take trumah
Mitzvah 8: Negative mitzvah not to accept shekalim from non-
Jews for the purpose of korbanos tzibur. It is important to note that the Rambam and Ramban agree
with each other most of the time that these are obligations, but they disagree about whether they are de’oraisa.